Information Technology vs Computer Science: Which Degree to Study in 2025?

You’re passionate about technology in general, and you’re thinking about a career in this field. But you’ve hit a stumbling block: you don’t know what to choose between Information Technology (IT) and Computer Science (CS).

You’re not the only one. This is one of the most frequently asked questions on the internet. That’s because many people use these terms interchangeably. But they are far from being the same thing. IT and Computer Science are different disciplines, with a different focus, and meant for different student audiences.

Jump in as we’ll discuss in depth the main differences between IT and Computer Science. By the end, you’ll know which one is the right choice for your academic studies.

Browse through more than 9,000 Master's programmes in Computer Science and IT listed on Mastersportal.

IT vs Computer Science – What’s the difference?

Computer Science (CS) and Information Technology (IT) both deal with computers, but they focus on different things:

• Information Technology is all about the technical side – how computers work and how to make them do amazing things. CS deals with developing, implementing, supporting, and managing computers and information systems, even things like AI and machine learning.
• Information Technology is more about using and managing technology in real-world settings. IT pros work with networks, databases, and systems to keep everything running smoothly for a business or organisation. IT involves working both with hardware (e.g. CPUs, RAM, hard-disks) and software (e.g. operating systems, web browsers, mobile applications).

In short, CS is about building tech, while IT is about maintaining and supporting it. Both offer specialised, high-demand career paths.

IT vs Computer Science specialisations

If you’re not attracted by one of the numerous general degrees in IT or Computer Science, study a subdiscipline to specialise yourself further. Here are a few examples:

Computer Science Specialisations

If you're leaning towards Computer Science, you'll find it’s all about diving deep into the technical side of computing. Here are some common specialisations you might come across:

• Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning – This is where you’ll learn to create intelligent systems that can learn and adapt.
• Data Science – You’ll work with massive datasets, learn to spot patterns, and get insights that drive decision-making.
• Cybersecurity – This path is all about protecting data, networks, and systems from cyber threats.
• Software Engineering – You’ll learn to design and build software, from apps to complex operating systems.
• Game Development – Perfect if you're interested in creating immersive video games and learning 3D modelling, animation, and interactive design.

Information Technology Specialisations

If you’re more interested in how technology supports businesses and everyday users, IT specialisations focus on practical skills and systems management. Here are a few you might find:

• Network Administration and Security – You’ll learn to manage and secure computer networks, which is essential for keeping data safe.
• Database Management – This focuses on setting up and managing databases to ensure they’re reliable, fast, and secure.
• Cloud Computing – With cloud technology booming, this path teaches you how to set up and manage cloud systems and services.
• IT Project Management – You’ll gain skills to lead tech projects and manage teams effectively.
• Health Informatics – If you're interested in tech for healthcare, this field combines IT skills with medical knowledge.

In short, Computer Science is for building and innovating, while IT is about managing and applying technology to real-world problems. Choose the path that aligns with what excites you most about the world of tech!

IT vs Computer Science classes

Each university needs to create a curriculum based on the general policies of the government in that country. This is why not all IT or CS study programmes are the same. Still, you’ll notice that many courses are the same — or at least very similar — with small differences in their title or focus.

The following are the most common classes you can expect to take during a degree in IT or Computer Science:

Computer Science Classes

If you’re studying CS, expect to get hands-on with technical, in-depth courses that focus on how computers work and how to make them do amazing things. Common classes include:

• Programming Fundamentals – Learn the basics of coding, often in languages like Python, Java, or C++.
• Data Structures and Algorithms – Essential for problem-solving, this class teaches you how data is organised and processed efficiently.
• Computer Architecture – This course dives into how computers are built, from hardware to processors.
• Operating Systems – Understand the software that powers computers, including memory management and process control.
• Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning – Learn to create systems that can learn and make decisions on their own.
• Cybersecurity – Develop skills to protect data and systems from cyber threats.
• Software Engineering – Discover how to design, build, and test software applications.

Information Technology Classes

If you’re going the IT route, classes are more about practical applications, focusing on managing and supporting technology within organisations. You’ll likely see classes such as:

• Networking Basics – Understand how computer networks function and learn about routers, switches, and network protocols.
• Database Management – Learn to set up and manage databases, crucial for storing and retrieving information.
• System Administration – Get hands-on with managing and configuring computer systems for businesses.
• IT Security – Develop skills to secure systems and protect data from potential threats.
• Cloud Computing – Learn about the fundamentals of cloud services and how to manage them.
• Project Management – Gain skills to lead tech projects and coordinate with teams.
• Web Development – Focus on building and managing websites, covering HTML, CSS, and JavaScript basics.

So, in a nutshell: CS classes dive into how to build and innovate (coding, algorithms, AI), while IT classes are all about keeping tech running smoothly and securely in the real world (networking, databases, security). Both paths offer exciting skills – just pick what fits your tech goals best!

IT vs Computer Science skills - what they have in common

Computer Science (CS) and Information Technology (IT) might focus on different aspects of technology, but they still share a solid overlap of skills essential for both fields. Here’s a look at where these two worlds meet:

• Programming and Coding Basics. Both CS and IT professionals need to understand programming fundamentals, though CS often goes deeper. Basic coding skills are useful in IT for tasks like scripting automation and managing databases, while in CS, coding is central to creating software and applications.
• Cybersecurity: Whether you’re building software in CS or managing networks in IT, cybersecurity is crucial. Both fields require knowledge of security practices to protect data and systems. For CS, this might mean secure coding practices, while in IT, it could involve securing network infrastructures and systems.
• Data Management: Data plays a big role in both CS and IT. CS uses data in algorithms, AI, and software development, while IT focuses on storing, managing, and retrieving data in databases. Both fields benefit from knowing how to handle data efficiently and securely.
• Problem-Solving: Problem-solving is at the core of both fields. CS professionals often solve problems in code and algorithms, while IT professionals troubleshoot systems and network issues. In both cases, logical thinking and analytical skills are essential.
• Software and Systems Knowledge: A solid understanding of software and systems is useful in both fields. CS uses this knowledge to build and optimise software, while IT applies it to configure, manage, and support applications and systems within organisations.
• Cloud Computing: Cloud computing has become essential across tech fields. Both CS and IT professionals need to understand cloud services, with CS focusing more on building applications for the cloud and IT on managing and securing cloud environments.
• Project Management Basics: Project management is useful in both fields. In CS, it’s often applied to manage software development projects, while in IT, it’s used to implement and maintain systems and support tasks across departments.

In summary, CS and IT overlap in coding basics, cybersecurity, data handling, problem-solving, systems knowledge, cloud computing, and project management. This shared skill set gives flexibility to switch or collaborate across these fields, depending on your career goals!

IT and Computer science careers

Careers in Information Technology (IT) and Computer Science (CS) offer exciting, high-demand paths but focus on different aspects of tech work. One of the hottest fields at the moment, Cybersecurity, relates to both IT and CS, but in different ways: 

• in IT it focuses on the practical aspect of protecting systems and networks (monitoring threats, taking security measures), 
• Computer Science focuses on the theoretical and development side (computer scientists search for new security protocols, or encryption methods).

Dr. Reza Ryan, Cyber Security Group Lead at Curtin University (Perth, Australia), explains why Cybersecurity is a good choice for students who enjoy problem-solving, technology, and staying one step ahead of potential risks:

• “For international students, pursuing a Master of Cyber Security provides unique benefits and offers a pathway to a highly rewarding and globally in-demand career. It offers post-study work opportunities for gaining practical experience and potentially securing long-term employment in the field. Graduates are well-positioned to pursue high-demand roles in cybersecurity across various sectors, including government, finance, healthcare, and technology.”

Similar prospects exist for students interested in an Artificial Intelligence career, a discipline which is primarily related to Computer Science. AI is a hot topic in every company, and access to top technology and rewarding jobs are among the reasons you should consider a degree in this field. 

Countries with strong AI sectors often offer work visas or job placements to retain the top graduates, making it easier for international students to launch their careers immediately after graduation.

Professor Kevin Pimbblet, Director of the Center of Excellence for Data Science, Artificial Intelligence and Modelling University of Hull (the United Kingdom) explains:

• "The UK also has a strong workforce of highly skilled educators who are at the forefront of AI research. This means that international students gain access to cutting-edge technology and expertise, positioning them at the top of a highly competitive and rapidly growing field. The UK government does have those visas... to try to retain some of the best and brightest."

Here’s a quick look at what careers you might pursue in each field:

Computer Science Careers

CS careers tend to focus on developing, optimising, and advancing technology. These roles require strong programming skills, problem-solving, and often advanced maths. Common CS careers include:

• Software Developer – Build, test, and maintain software applications, websites, and mobile apps.
• Data Scientist – Analyse large datasets to find trends and insights, often using machine learning and AI.
• AI/Machine Learning Engineer – Develop intelligent algorithms and systems that learn and make decisions, applied in fields like robotics, recommendation systems, and natural language processing.
• Cybersecurity Analyst – Protect systems and data by identifying and mitigating security risks, often focused on secure coding and threat detection.
• Systems Architect – Design complex computer systems and networks, ensuring they meet organisational needs and operate efficiently.
• Game Developer – Create and design video games, involving programming, 3D modelling, and interactive design.
• Database Developer – Design and optimise databases to manage and organise data effectively.

Information Technology Careers

IT careers focus on implementing, managing, and supporting technology within organisations. These roles often require skills in networking, systems administration, and user support. Common IT careers include:

• Network Administrator – Manage and troubleshoot computer networks, ensuring reliable and secure connections.
• System Administrator – Oversee and maintain organisational computer systems, including installing, updating, and configuring software and hardware.
• IT Support Specialist – Provide technical support to users, troubleshooting and resolving software and hardware issues.
• Database Administrator – Manage databases, ensuring they are secure, available, and efficient for users.
• Cybersecurity Specialist – Implement and manage security measures to protect networks and data from threats.
• Cloud Solutions Architect – Design and manage cloud solutions, like those on AWS or Azure, for organisations.
• IT Project Manager – Coordinate and manage tech projects, overseeing timelines, budgets, and teams to ensure successful implementation.

In a nutshell, CS careers are ideal if you’re interested in building and innovating technology, while IT careers focus on keeping technology running smoothly for organisations and supporting users. Both paths offer growth, specialisation, and the chance to work with cutting-edge technology!

How to choose between IT and Computer Science:

Choose IT if you prefer:

• Hands-on work with existing technology.
• Supporting people and businesses.

Choose Computer Science if you are fascinated by:

• Coding, algorithms, and creating new tech solutions.
• Building and innovating with technology.

Conclusions

Now you know all the major differences between IT and Computer Science — two fields that are closely related but separated by their focus, curriculum, and future job responsibilities.

Having clarity on which is which, what are you going to study and where? Let us know by sharing this article and tagging us on social media.

Additional resources:

• What is Computer Engineering and Should You Study It?
• Best Computer Science Schools and Universities in the World
• Best European Countries for Studying a Master’s in Computer Science

FAQs

1. What’s the main difference between IT and Computer Science?

IT is about managing and supporting technology in real-world settings, like setting up networks and maintaining systems. Computer Science, on the other hand, focuses on creating new tech, such as developing software and coding algorithms. Think of IT as "keeping tech running" and CS as "building cool stuff."

2. Which field has better job prospects: IT or Computer Science?

Both fields offer high-demand, well-paying careers, but they focus on different tech skills. If you like coding and software development, Computer Science roles like software developer or data scientist might suit you. If you prefer managing and supporting technology, IT roles like network administrator or IT support are a great choice.

3. What types of classes can I expect in an IT or Computer Science degree?

Computer Science degrees cover programming, data structures, and AI, which dive deep into the technical side. IT degrees are more practical, focusing on managing networks, database administration, and systems security to support organisations and users. Choose the classes that match your tech interests!